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Diffstat (limited to 'doc/Ledger.scriv/snapshots/196.snapshots')
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diff --git a/doc/Ledger.scriv/snapshots/196.snapshots b/doc/Ledger.scriv/snapshots/196.snapshots new file mode 100644 index 00000000..3ef5f828 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/Ledger.scriv/snapshots/196.snapshots @@ -0,0 +1,564 @@ +<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> +<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"> +<plist version="1.0"> +<dict> + <key>$archiver</key> + <string>NSKeyedArchiver</string> + <key>$objects</key> + <array> + <string>$null</string> + <dict> + <key>$class</key> + <dict> + <key>CF$UID</key> + <integer>37</integer> + </dict> + <key>NS.objects</key> + <array> + <dict> + <key>CF$UID</key> + <integer>2</integer> + </dict> + </array> + </dict> + <dict> + <key>$class</key> + <dict> + <key>CF$UID</key> + <integer>33</integer> + </dict> + <key>NS.keys</key> + <array> + <dict> + <key>CF$UID</key> + <integer>3</integer> + </dict> + <dict> + <key>CF$UID</key> + <integer>4</integer> + </dict> + <dict> + <key>CF$UID</key> + <integer>5</integer> + </dict> + </array> + <key>NS.objects</key> + <array> + <dict> + <key>CF$UID</key> + <integer>6</integer> + </dict> + <dict> + <key>CF$UID</key> + <integer>7</integer> + </dict> + <dict> + <key>CF$UID</key> + <integer>35</integer> + </dict> + </array> + </dict> + <string>Title</string> + <string>Text</string> + <string>Date</string> + <string>Untitled Snapshot</string> + <dict> + <key>$class</key> + <dict> + <key>CF$UID</key> + <integer>34</integer> + </dict> + <key>NSAttributes</key> + <dict> + <key>CF$UID</key> + <integer>10</integer> + </dict> + <key>NSDelegate</key> + <dict> + <key>CF$UID</key> + <integer>0</integer> + </dict> + <key>NSString</key> + <dict> + <key>CF$UID</key> + <integer>8</integer> + </dict> + </dict> + <dict> + <key>$class</key> + <dict> + <key>CF$UID</key> + <integer>9</integer> + </dict> + <key>NS.string</key> + <string>There are situations when the accounts you're tracking are different +between your clients and the financial institutions where money is +kept. An example of this is working as the treasurer for a religious +institution. From the secular point of view, you might be working +with three different accounts: + +@itemize +@item Checking +@item Savings +@item Credit Card +@end itemize + +From a religious point of view, the community expects to divide its +resources into multiple ``funds'', from which it makes purchases or +reserves resources for later: + +@itemize +@item School fund +@item Building fund +@item Community fund +@end itemize + +The problem with this kind of setup is that when you spend money, it +comes from two or more places at once: the account and the fund. And +yet, the correlation of amounts between funds and accounts is rarely +one-to-one. What if the school fund has @samp{$500.00}, but +@samp{$400.00} of that comes from Checking, and @samp{$100.00} from +Savings? + +Traditional finance packages require that the money reside in only one +place. But there are really two ``views'' of the data: from the +account point of view and from the fund point of view -- yet both sets +should reflect the same overall expenses and cash flow. It's simply +where the money resides that differs. + +This situation can be handled one of two ways. The first is using +virtual postings to represent the fact that money is moving to and +from two kind of accounts at the same time: + +@smallexample +2004/03/20 Contributions + Assets:Checking $500.00 + Income:Donations + +2004/03/25 Distribution of donations + [Funds:School] $300.00 + [Funds:Building] $200.00 + [Assets:Checking] $-500.00 +@end smallexample + +The use of square brackets in the second transaction ensures that the +virtual postings balance to zero. Now money can be spent directly +from a fund at the same time as money is drawn from a physical +account: + +@smallexample +2004/03/25 Payment for books (paid from Checking) + Expenses:Books $100.00 + Assets:Checking $-100.00 + (Funds:School) $-100.00 +@end smallexample + +When reports are generated, by default they'll appear in terms of the +funds. In this case, you will likely want to mask out your +@samp{Assets} account, because otherwise the balance won't make much +sense: + +@example +ledger bal -^Assets +@end example + +If the @option{--real} option is used, the report will be in terms of +the real accounts: + +@example +ledger --real bal +@end example + +If more asset accounts are needed as the source of a posting, just +list them as you would normally, for example: + +@smallexample +2004/03/25 Payment for books (paid from Checking) + Expenses:Books $100.00 + Assets:Checking $-50.00 + Liabilities:Credit Card $-50.00 + (Funds:School) $-100.00 +@end smallexample + +The second way of tracking funds is to use transaction codes. In this +respect the codes become like virtual accounts that embrace the entire +set of postings. Basically, we are associating a transaction with a +fund by setting its code. Here are two transactions that desposit money +into, and spend money from, the @samp{Funds:School} fund: + +@smallexample +2004/03/25 (Funds:School) Donations + Assets:Checking $100.00 + Income:Donations + +2004/04/25 (Funds:School) Payment for books + Expenses:Books $50.00 + Assets:Checking +@end smallexample + +Note how the accounts now relate only to the real accounts, and any +balance or registers reports will reflect this. That the transactions +relate to a particular fund is kept only in the code. + +How does this become a fund report? By using the +@option{--code-as-payee} option, you can generate a register report +where the payee for each posting shows the code. Alone, this is +not terribly interesting; but when combined with the +@option{--by-payee} option, you will now see account subtotals for any +postings related to a specific fund. So, to see the current +monetary balances of all funds, the command would be: + +@smallexample +ledger --code-as-payee -P reg ^Assets +@end smallexample + +Or to see a particular funds expenses, the @samp{School} fund in this +case: + +@smallexample +ledger --code-as-payee -P reg ^Expenses -- School +@end smallexample + +Both approaches yield different kinds of flexibility, depending on how +you prefer to think of your funds: as virtual accounts, or as tags +associated with particular transactions. Your own tastes will decide which +is best for your situation.</string> + </dict> + <dict> + <key>$classes</key> + <array> + <string>NSMutableString</string> + <string>NSString</string> + <string>NSObject</string> + </array> + <key>$classname</key> + <string>NSMutableString</string> + </dict> + <dict> + <key>$class</key> + <dict> + <key>CF$UID</key> + <integer>33</integer> + </dict> + <key>NS.keys</key> + <array> + <dict> + <key>CF$UID</key> + <integer>11</integer> + </dict> + <dict> + <key>CF$UID</key> + <integer>12</integer> + </dict> + </array> + <key>NS.objects</key> + <array> + <dict> + <key>CF$UID</key> + <integer>13</integer> + </dict> + <dict> + <key>CF$UID</key> + <integer>30</integer> + </dict> + </array> + </dict> + <string>NSParagraphStyle</string> + <string>NSFont</string> + <dict> + <key>$class</key> + <dict> + <key>CF$UID</key> + <integer>29</integer> + </dict> + <key>NSAlignment</key> + <integer>4</integer> + <key>NSLineHeightMultiple</key> + 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<string>NSArray</string> + <string>NSObject</string> + </array> + <key>$classname</key> + <string>NSArray</string> + </dict> + <dict> + <key>$classes</key> + <array> + <string>NSParagraphStyle</string> + <string>NSObject</string> + </array> + <key>$classname</key> + <string>NSParagraphStyle</string> + </dict> + <dict> + <key>$class</key> + <dict> + <key>CF$UID</key> + <integer>32</integer> + </dict> + <key>NSName</key> + <dict> + <key>CF$UID</key> + <integer>31</integer> + </dict> + <key>NSSize</key> + <real>14</real> + <key>NSfFlags</key> + <integer>16</integer> + </dict> + <string>Courier</string> + <dict> + <key>$classes</key> + <array> + <string>NSFont</string> + <string>NSObject</string> + </array> + <key>$classname</key> + <string>NSFont</string> + </dict> + <dict> + <key>$classes</key> + <array> + <string>NSDictionary</string> + <string>NSObject</string> + </array> + <key>$classname</key> + <string>NSDictionary</string> + </dict> + <dict> + <key>$classes</key> + <array> + <string>KBWordCountingTextStorage</string> + <string>NSTextStorage</string> + <string>NSMutableAttributedString</string> + <string>NSAttributedString</string> + <string>NSObject</string> + </array> + <key>$classname</key> + <string>KBWordCountingTextStorage</string> + </dict> + <dict> + <key>$class</key> + <dict> + <key>CF$UID</key> + <integer>36</integer> + </dict> + <key>NS.time</key> + <real>267380389.33141401</real> + </dict> + <dict> + <key>$classes</key> + <array> + <string>NSDate</string> + <string>NSObject</string> + </array> + <key>$classname</key> + <string>NSDate</string> + </dict> + <dict> + <key>$classes</key> + <array> + <string>NSMutableArray</string> + <string>NSArray</string> + <string>NSObject</string> + </array> + <key>$classname</key> + <string>NSMutableArray</string> + </dict> + </array> + <key>$top</key> + <dict> + <key>Snapshots</key> + <dict> + <key>CF$UID</key> + <integer>1</integer> + </dict> + </dict> + <key>$version</key> + <integer>100000</integer> +</dict> +</plist> |