use candle::{DType, Device, IndexOp, Result, Tensor, D};
use candle_nn::{rms_norm, Embedding, LayerNorm, Linear, VarBuilder};
use std::collections::HashMap;
use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};

#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct Config {
    pub dim: usize,        // transformer dimension
    pub hidden_dim: usize, // for ffn layers
    pub n_layers: usize,   // number of layers
    pub n_heads: usize,    // number of query heads
    pub n_kv_heads: usize, // number of key/value heads (can be < query heads because of multiquery)
    pub vocab_size: usize, // vocabulary size, usually 256 (byte-level)
    pub seq_len: usize,    // max sequence length
    pub norm_eps: f64,
}

#[derive(Clone)]
pub struct Cache {
    masks: Arc<Mutex<HashMap<usize, Tensor>>>,
    pub use_kv_cache: bool,
    #[allow(clippy::type_complexity)]
    pub kvs: Arc<Mutex<Vec<Option<(Tensor, Tensor)>>>>,
    cos: Tensor,
    sin: Tensor,
    device: Device,
}

impl Cache {
    pub fn new(use_kv_cache: bool, cfg: &Config, vb: VarBuilder) -> Result<Self> {
        let freq_cis_real = vb.get((cfg.seq_len, cfg.head_size() / 2), "freq_cis_real")?;
        let freq_cis_imag = vb.get((cfg.seq_len, cfg.head_size() / 2), "freq_cis_imag")?;
        let cos = freq_cis_real.reshape((cfg.seq_len, cfg.head_size() / 2, 1))?;
        let sin = freq_cis_imag.reshape((cfg.seq_len, cfg.head_size() / 2, 1))?;
        Ok(Self {
            masks: Arc::new(Mutex::new(HashMap::new())),
            use_kv_cache,
            kvs: Arc::new(Mutex::new(vec![None; cfg.n_layers])),
            cos,
            sin,
            device: vb.device().clone(),
        })
    }

    fn mask(&self, t: usize) -> Result<Tensor> {
        let mut masks = self.masks.lock().unwrap();
        if let Some(mask) = masks.get(&t) {
            Ok(mask.clone())
        } else {
            let mask: Vec<_> = (0..t)
                .flat_map(|i| (0..t).map(move |j| u8::from(j > i)))
                .collect();
            let mask = Tensor::from_slice(&mask, (t, t), &self.device)?;
            masks.insert(t, mask.clone());
            Ok(mask)
        }
    }
}

fn silu(xs: &Tensor) -> Result<Tensor> {
    xs / (xs.neg()?.exp()? + 1.0)?
}

fn linear(size1: usize, size2: usize, vb: VarBuilder) -> Result<Linear> {
    let weight = vb.get((size2, size1), "weight")?;
    Ok(Linear::new(weight, None))
}

fn embedding(cfg: &Config, vb: VarBuilder) -> Result<Embedding> {
    let embeddings = vb.get((cfg.vocab_size, cfg.dim), "weight")?;
    Ok(Embedding::new(embeddings, cfg.dim))
}

struct CausalSelfAttention {
    q_proj: Linear,
    k_proj: Linear,
    v_proj: Linear,
    o_proj: Linear,
    n_head: usize,
    n_key_value_head: usize,
    head_dim: usize,
    cache: Cache,
}

impl CausalSelfAttention {
    fn apply_rotary_emb(&self, x: &Tensor, index_pos: usize) -> Result<Tensor> {
        let (b_sz, seq_len, h, n_embd) = x.dims4()?;
        let cos = self.cache.cos.i(index_pos..index_pos + seq_len)?;
        let sin = self.cache.sin.i(index_pos..index_pos + seq_len)?;
        let cos = cos.unsqueeze(1)?;
        let sin = sin.unsqueeze(1)?;
        let cos = cos.broadcast_as((b_sz, seq_len, 1, n_embd / 2, 1))?;
        let sin = sin.broadcast_as((b_sz, seq_len, 1, n_embd / 2, 1))?;
        let x = x.reshape((b_sz, seq_len, h, n_embd / 2, 2))?;
        let x0 = x.narrow(D::Minus1, 0, 1)?;
        let x1 = x.narrow(D::Minus1, 1, 1)?;
        let dst0 = (x0.broadcast_mul(&cos)? - x1.broadcast_mul(&sin)?)?;
        let dst1 = (x0.broadcast_mul(&sin)? + x1.broadcast_mul(&cos)?)?;
        let rope = Tensor::cat(&[&dst0, &dst1], D::Minus1)?.reshape((b_sz, seq_len, h, n_embd))?;
        Ok(rope)
    }

    fn forward(&self, x: &Tensor, index_pos: usize, block_idx: usize) -> Result<Tensor> {
        let (b_sz, seq_len, n_embd) = x.dims3()?;
        let q = self.q_proj.forward(x)?;
        let k = self.k_proj.forward(x)?;
        let v = self.v_proj.forward(x)?;

        let q = q.reshape((b_sz, seq_len, self.n_head, self.head_dim))?;
        let k = k.reshape((b_sz, seq_len, self.n_key_value_head, self.head_dim))?;
        let mut v = v.reshape((b_sz, seq_len, self.n_key_value_head, self.head_dim))?;

        let q = self.apply_rotary_emb(&q, index_pos)?;
        let mut k = self.apply_rotary_emb(&k, index_pos)?;

        if self.cache.use_kv_cache {
            let mut cache = self.cache.kvs.lock().unwrap();
            if let Some((cache_k, cache_v)) = &cache[block_idx] {
                k = Tensor::cat(&[cache_k, &k], 1)?.contiguous()?;
                v = Tensor::cat(&[cache_v, &v], 1)?.contiguous()?;
            }
            cache[block_idx] = Some((k.clone(), v.clone()))
        }

        let k = self.repeat_kv(k)?;
        let v = self.repeat_kv(v)?;

        let q = q.transpose(1, 2)?.contiguous()?;
        let k = k.transpose(1, 2)?.contiguous()?;
        let v = v.transpose(1, 2)?.contiguous()?;

        let att = (q.matmul(&k.t()?)? / (self.head_dim as f64).sqrt())?;
        let mask = self.cache.mask(seq_len)?.broadcast_as(att.shape())?;
        let att = masked_fill(&att, &mask, f32::NEG_INFINITY)?;
        let att = candle_nn::ops::softmax(&att, D::Minus1)?;
        // Convert to contiguous as matmul doesn't support strided vs for now.
        let y = att.matmul(&v.contiguous()?)?;
        let y = y.transpose(1, 2)?.reshape(&[b_sz, seq_len, n_embd])?;
        let y = self.o_proj.forward(&y)?;
        Ok(y)
    }

    fn repeat_kv(&self, x: Tensor) -> Result<Tensor> {
        let n_rep = self.n_head / self.n_key_value_head;
        if n_rep == 1 {
            Ok(x)
        } else {
            let (b_sz, seq_len, n_kv_head, head_dim) = x.dims4()?;
            let x = x
                .unsqueeze(3)?
                .expand((b_sz, seq_len, n_kv_head, n_rep, head_dim))?
                .reshape((b_sz, seq_len, n_kv_head * n_rep, head_dim))?;
            Ok(x)
        }
    }

    fn load(vb: VarBuilder, cache: &Cache, cfg: &Config) -> Result<Self> {
        let size_in = cfg.dim;
        let size_q = (cfg.dim / cfg.n_heads) * cfg.n_heads;
        let size_kv = (cfg.dim / cfg.n_heads) * cfg.n_kv_heads;
        let q_proj = linear(size_in, size_q, vb.pp("q_proj"))?;
        let k_proj = linear(size_in, size_kv, vb.pp("k_proj"))?;
        let v_proj = linear(size_in, size_kv, vb.pp("v_proj"))?;
        let o_proj = linear(size_q, size_in, vb.pp("o_proj"))?;
        Ok(Self {
            q_proj,
            k_proj,
            v_proj,
            o_proj,
            n_head: cfg.n_heads,
            n_key_value_head: cfg.n_kv_heads,
            head_dim: cfg.dim / cfg.n_heads,
            cache: cache.clone(),
        })
    }
}

fn masked_fill(on_false: &Tensor, mask: &Tensor, on_true: f32) -> Result<Tensor> {
    let shape = mask.shape();
    let on_true = Tensor::new(on_true, on_false.device())?.broadcast_as(shape.dims())?;
    let m = mask.where_cond(&on_true, on_false)?;
    Ok(m)
}

struct Mlp {
    c_fc1: Linear,
    c_fc2: Linear,
    c_proj: Linear,
}

impl Mlp {
    fn new(c_fc1: Linear, c_fc2: Linear, c_proj: Linear) -> Self {
        Self {
            c_fc1,
            c_fc2,
            c_proj,
        }
    }

    fn forward(&self, x: &Tensor) -> Result<Tensor> {
        let x = (silu(&self.c_fc1.forward(x)?)? * self.c_fc2.forward(x)?)?;
        self.c_proj.forward(&x)
    }

    fn load(vb: VarBuilder, cfg: &Config) -> Result<Self> {
        let h_size = cfg.dim;
        let i_size = cfg.hidden_dim;
        let c_fc1 = linear(h_size, i_size, vb.pp("gate_proj"))?;
        let c_fc2 = linear(h_size, i_size, vb.pp("up_proj"))?;
        let c_proj = linear(i_size, h_size, vb.pp("down_proj"))?;
        Ok(Self::new(c_fc1, c_fc2, c_proj))
    }
}

struct Block {
    rms_1: LayerNorm,
    attn: CausalSelfAttention,
    rms_2: LayerNorm,
    mlp: Mlp,
}

impl Block {
    fn new(rms_1: LayerNorm, attn: CausalSelfAttention, rms_2: LayerNorm, mlp: Mlp) -> Self {
        Self {
            rms_1,
            attn,
            rms_2,
            mlp,
        }
    }

    fn forward(&self, x: &Tensor, index_pos: usize, block_idx: usize) -> Result<Tensor> {
        let residual = x;
        let x = self.rms_1.forward(x)?;
        let x = (self.attn.forward(&x, index_pos, block_idx)? + residual)?;
        let residual = &x;
        let x = (self.mlp.forward(&self.rms_2.forward(&x)?)? + residual)?;
        Ok(x)
    }

    fn load(vb: VarBuilder, cache: &Cache, cfg: &Config) -> Result<Self> {
        let attn = CausalSelfAttention::load(vb.pp("self_attn"), cache, cfg)?;
        let mlp = Mlp::load(vb.pp("mlp"), cfg)?;
        let input_layernorm = rms_norm(cfg.dim, cfg.norm_eps, vb.pp("input_layernorm"))?;
        let post_attention_layernorm =
            rms_norm(cfg.dim, cfg.norm_eps, vb.pp("post_attention_layernorm"))?;
        Ok(Self::new(
            input_layernorm,
            attn,
            post_attention_layernorm,
            mlp,
        ))
    }
}

pub struct Llama {
    wte: Embedding,
    blocks: Vec<Block>,
    ln_f: LayerNorm,
    lm_head: Linear,
}

impl Llama {
    fn new(wte: Embedding, blocks: Vec<Block>, ln_f: LayerNorm, lm_head: Linear) -> Self {
        Self {
            wte,
            blocks,
            ln_f,
            lm_head,
        }
    }

    pub fn forward(&self, x: &Tensor, index_pos: usize) -> Result<Tensor> {
        let (_b_sz, seq_len) = x.dims2()?;
        let mut x = self.wte.forward(x)?;
        for (block_idx, block) in self.blocks.iter().enumerate() {
            x = block.forward(&x, index_pos, block_idx)?;
        }
        let x = self.ln_f.forward(&x)?;
        let x = x.i((.., seq_len - 1, ..))?;
        let logits = self.lm_head.forward(&x)?;
        logits.to_dtype(DType::F32)
    }

    pub fn load(vb: VarBuilder, cache: &Cache, cfg: &Config) -> Result<Self> {
        let wte = embedding(cfg, vb.pp("model.embed_tokens"))?;
        let lm_head = linear(cfg.dim, cfg.vocab_size, vb.pp("lm_head"))?;
        let norm = rms_norm(cfg.dim, cfg.norm_eps, vb.pp("model.norm"))?;
        let blocks: Vec<_> = (0..cfg.n_layers)
            .map(|i| Block::load(vb.pp(&format!("model.layers.{i}")), cache, cfg).unwrap())
            .collect();
        Ok(Self::new(wte, blocks, norm, lm_head))
    }
}