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diff --git a/doc/Ledger.scriv/196.rtfd/TXT.rtf b/doc/Ledger.scriv/196.rtfd/TXT.rtf deleted file mode 100644 index cf24b656..00000000 --- a/doc/Ledger.scriv/196.rtfd/TXT.rtf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,137 +0,0 @@ -{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\cocoartf949\cocoasubrtf460 -{\fonttbl\f0\fmodern\fcharset0 Courier;} -{\colortbl;\red255\green255\blue255;} -\pard\tx560\tx1120\tx1680\tx2240\tx2800\tx3360\tx3920\tx4480\tx5040\tx5600\tx6160\tx6720\sl264\slmult1\ql\qnatural\pardirnatural - -\f0\fs28 \cf0 There are situations when the accounts you're tracking are different\ -between your clients and the financial institutions where money is\ -kept. An example of this is working as the treasurer for a religious\ -institution. From the secular point of view, you might be working\ -with three different accounts:\ -\ -@itemize\ -@item Checking\ -@item Savings\ -@item Credit Card\ -@end itemize\ -\ -From a religious point of view, the community expects to divide its\ -resources into multiple ``funds'', from which it makes purchases or\ -reserves resources for later:\ -\ -@itemize\ -@item School fund\ -@item Building fund\ -@item Community fund\ -@end itemize\ -\ -The problem with this kind of setup is that when you spend money, it\ -comes from two or more places at once: the account and the fund. And\ -yet, the correlation of amounts between funds and accounts is rarely\ -one-to-one. What if the school fund has @samp\{$500.00\}, but\ -@samp\{$400.00\} of that comes from Checking, and @samp\{$100.00\} from\ -Savings?\ -\ -Traditional finance packages require that the money reside in only one\ -place. But there are really two ``views'' of the data: from the\ -account point of view and from the fund point of view -- yet both sets\ -should reflect the same overall expenses and cash flow. It's simply\ -where the money resides that differs.\ -\ -This situation can be handled one of two ways. The first is using\ -virtual postings to represent the fact that money is moving to and\ -from two kind of accounts at the same time:\ -\ -@smallexample\ -2004/03/20 Contributions\ - Assets:Checking $500.00\ - Income:Donations\ -\ -2004/03/25 Distribution of donations\ - [Funds:School] $300.00\ - [Funds:Building] $200.00\ - [Assets:Checking] $-500.00\ -@end smallexample\ -\ -The use of square brackets in the second transaction ensures that the\ -virtual postings balance to zero. Now money can be spent directly\ -from a fund at the same time as money is drawn from a physical\ -account:\ -\ -@smallexample\ -2004/03/25 Payment for books (paid from Checking)\ - Expenses:Books $100.00\ - Assets:Checking $-100.00\ - (Funds:School) $-100.00\ -@end smallexample\ -\ -When reports are generated, by default they'll appear in terms of the\ -funds. In this case, you will likely want to mask out your\ -@samp\{Assets\} account, because otherwise the balance won't make much\ -sense:\ -\ -@example\ -ledger bal -^Assets\ -@end example\ -\ -If the @option\{--real\} option is used, the report will be in terms of\ -the real accounts:\ -\ -@example\ -ledger --real bal\ -@end example\ -\ -If more asset accounts are needed as the source of a posting, just\ -list them as you would normally, for example:\ -\ -@smallexample\ -2004/03/25 Payment for books (paid from Checking)\ - Expenses:Books $100.00\ - Assets:Checking $-50.00\ - Liabilities:Credit Card $-50.00\ - (Funds:School) $-100.00\ -@end smallexample\ -\ -The second way of tracking funds is to use transaction codes. In this\ -respect the codes become like virtual accounts that embrace the entire\ -set of postings. Basically, we are associating a transaction with a\ -fund by setting its code. Here are two transactions that desposit money\ -into, and spend money from, the @samp\{Funds:School\} fund:\ -\ -@smallexample\ -2004/03/25 (Funds:School) Donations\ - Assets:Checking $100.00\ - Income:Donations\ -\ -2004/04/25 (Funds:School) Payment for books\ - Expenses:Books $50.00\ - Assets:Checking\ -@end smallexample\ -\ -Note how the accounts now relate only to the real accounts, and any\ -balance or registers reports will reflect this. That the transactions\ -relate to a particular fund is kept only in the code.\ -\ -How does this become a fund report? By using the\ -@option\{--code-as-payee\} option, you can generate a register report\ -where the payee for each posting shows the code. Alone, this is\ -not terribly interesting; but when combined with the\ -@option\{--by-payee\} option, you will now see account subtotals for any\ -postings related to a specific fund. So, to see the current\ -monetary balances of all funds, the command would be:\ -\ -@smallexample\ -ledger --code-as-payee -P reg ^Assets\ -@end smallexample\ -\ -Or to see a particular funds expenses, the @samp\{School\} fund in this\ -case:\ -\ -@smallexample\ -ledger --code-as-payee -P reg ^Expenses -- School\ -@end smallexample\ -\ -Both approaches yield different kinds of flexibility, depending on how\ -you prefer to think of your funds: as virtual accounts, or as tags\ -associated with particular transactions. Your own tastes will decide which\ -is best for your situation.}
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