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+// Copyright 2006 Nemanja Trifunovic
+
+/*
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person or organization
+obtaining a copy of the software and accompanying documentation covered by
+this license (the "Software") to use, reproduce, display, distribute,
+execute, and transmit the Software, and to prepare derivative works of the
+Software, and to permit third-parties to whom the Software is furnished to
+do so, all subject to the following:
+
+The copyright notices in the Software and this entire statement, including
+the above license grant, this restriction and the following disclaimer,
+must be included in all copies of the Software, in whole or in part, and
+all derivative works of the Software, unless such copies or derivative
+works are solely in the form of machine-executable object code generated by
+a source language processor.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT
+SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR ANYONE DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE BE LIABLE
+FOR ANY DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
+ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+*/
+
+
+#ifndef UTF8_FOR_CPP_CORE_H_2675DCD0_9480_4c0c_B92A_CC14C027B731
+#define UTF8_FOR_CPP_CORE_H_2675DCD0_9480_4c0c_B92A_CC14C027B731
+
+#include <iterator>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <string>
+
+// Determine the C++ standard version.
+// If the user defines UTF_CPP_CPLUSPLUS, use that.
+// Otherwise, trust the unreliable predefined macro __cplusplus
+
+#if !defined UTF_CPP_CPLUSPLUS
+ #define UTF_CPP_CPLUSPLUS __cplusplus
+#endif
+
+#if UTF_CPP_CPLUSPLUS >= 201103L // C++ 11 or later
+ #define UTF_CPP_OVERRIDE override
+ #define UTF_CPP_NOEXCEPT noexcept
+#else // C++ 98/03
+ #define UTF_CPP_OVERRIDE
+ #define UTF_CPP_NOEXCEPT throw()
+#endif // C++ 11 or later
+
+
+namespace utf8
+{
+// The typedefs for 8-bit, 16-bit and 32-bit code units
+#if UTF_CPP_CPLUSPLUS >= 201103L // C++ 11 or later
+ #if UTF_CPP_CPLUSPLUS >= 202002L // C++ 20 or later
+ typedef char8_t utfchar8_t;
+ #else // C++ 11/14/17
+ typedef unsigned char utfchar8_t;
+ #endif
+ typedef char16_t utfchar16_t;
+ typedef char32_t utfchar32_t;
+#else // C++ 98/03
+ typedef unsigned char utfchar8_t;
+ typedef unsigned short utfchar16_t;
+ typedef unsigned int utfchar32_t;
+#endif // C++ 11 or later
+
+// Helper code - not intended to be directly called by the library users. May be changed at any time
+namespace internal
+{
+ // Unicode constants
+ // Leading (high) surrogates: 0xd800 - 0xdbff
+ // Trailing (low) surrogates: 0xdc00 - 0xdfff
+ const utfchar16_t LEAD_SURROGATE_MIN = 0xd800u;
+ const utfchar16_t LEAD_SURROGATE_MAX = 0xdbffu;
+ const utfchar16_t TRAIL_SURROGATE_MIN = 0xdc00u;
+ const utfchar16_t TRAIL_SURROGATE_MAX = 0xdfffu;
+ const utfchar16_t LEAD_OFFSET = 0xd7c0u; // LEAD_SURROGATE_MIN - (0x10000 >> 10)
+ const utfchar32_t SURROGATE_OFFSET = 0xfca02400u; // 0x10000u - (LEAD_SURROGATE_MIN << 10) - TRAIL_SURROGATE_MIN
+
+ // Maximum valid value for a Unicode code point
+ const utfchar32_t CODE_POINT_MAX = 0x0010ffffu;
+
+ template<typename octet_type>
+ inline utfchar8_t mask8(octet_type oc)
+ {
+ return static_cast<utfchar8_t>(0xff & oc);
+ }
+ template<typename u16_type>
+ inline utfchar16_t mask16(u16_type oc)
+ {
+ return static_cast<utfchar16_t>(0xffff & oc);
+ }
+
+ template<typename octet_type>
+ inline bool is_trail(octet_type oc)
+ {
+ return ((utf8::internal::mask8(oc) >> 6) == 0x2);
+ }
+
+ inline bool is_lead_surrogate(utfchar32_t cp)
+ {
+ return (cp >= LEAD_SURROGATE_MIN && cp <= LEAD_SURROGATE_MAX);
+ }
+
+ inline bool is_trail_surrogate(utfchar32_t cp)
+ {
+ return (cp >= TRAIL_SURROGATE_MIN && cp <= TRAIL_SURROGATE_MAX);
+ }
+
+ inline bool is_surrogate(utfchar32_t cp)
+ {
+ return (cp >= LEAD_SURROGATE_MIN && cp <= TRAIL_SURROGATE_MAX);
+ }
+
+ inline bool is_code_point_valid(utfchar32_t cp)
+ {
+ return (cp <= CODE_POINT_MAX && !utf8::internal::is_surrogate(cp));
+ }
+
+ inline bool is_in_bmp(utfchar32_t cp)
+ {
+ return cp < utfchar32_t(0x10000);
+ }
+
+ template <typename octet_iterator>
+ int sequence_length(octet_iterator lead_it)
+ {
+ const utfchar8_t lead = utf8::internal::mask8(*lead_it);
+ if (lead < 0x80)
+ return 1;
+ else if ((lead >> 5) == 0x6)
+ return 2;
+ else if ((lead >> 4) == 0xe)
+ return 3;
+ else if ((lead >> 3) == 0x1e)
+ return 4;
+ else
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ inline bool is_overlong_sequence(utfchar32_t cp, int length)
+ {
+ if (cp < 0x80) {
+ if (length != 1)
+ return true;
+ }
+ else if (cp < 0x800) {
+ if (length != 2)
+ return true;
+ }
+ else if (cp < 0x10000) {
+ if (length != 3)
+ return true;
+ }
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ enum utf_error {UTF8_OK, NOT_ENOUGH_ROOM, INVALID_LEAD, INCOMPLETE_SEQUENCE, OVERLONG_SEQUENCE, INVALID_CODE_POINT};
+
+ /// Helper for get_sequence_x
+ template <typename octet_iterator>
+ utf_error increase_safely(octet_iterator& it, const octet_iterator end)
+ {
+ if (++it == end)
+ return NOT_ENOUGH_ROOM;
+
+ if (!utf8::internal::is_trail(*it))
+ return INCOMPLETE_SEQUENCE;
+
+ return UTF8_OK;
+ }
+
+ #define UTF8_CPP_INCREASE_AND_RETURN_ON_ERROR(IT, END) {utf_error ret = increase_safely(IT, END); if (ret != UTF8_OK) return ret;}
+
+ /// get_sequence_x functions decode utf-8 sequences of the length x
+ template <typename octet_iterator>
+ utf_error get_sequence_1(octet_iterator& it, octet_iterator end, utfchar32_t& code_point)
+ {
+ if (it == end)
+ return NOT_ENOUGH_ROOM;
+
+ code_point = utf8::internal::mask8(*it);
+
+ return UTF8_OK;
+ }
+
+ template <typename octet_iterator>
+ utf_error get_sequence_2(octet_iterator& it, octet_iterator end, utfchar32_t& code_point)
+ {
+ if (it == end)
+ return NOT_ENOUGH_ROOM;
+
+ code_point = utf8::internal::mask8(*it);
+
+ UTF8_CPP_INCREASE_AND_RETURN_ON_ERROR(it, end)
+
+ code_point = ((code_point << 6) & 0x7ff) + ((*it) & 0x3f);
+
+ return UTF8_OK;
+ }
+
+ template <typename octet_iterator>
+ utf_error get_sequence_3(octet_iterator& it, octet_iterator end, utfchar32_t& code_point)
+ {
+ if (it == end)
+ return NOT_ENOUGH_ROOM;
+
+ code_point = utf8::internal::mask8(*it);
+
+ UTF8_CPP_INCREASE_AND_RETURN_ON_ERROR(it, end)
+
+ code_point = ((code_point << 12) & 0xffff) + ((utf8::internal::mask8(*it) << 6) & 0xfff);
+
+ UTF8_CPP_INCREASE_AND_RETURN_ON_ERROR(it, end)
+
+ code_point += (*it) & 0x3f;
+
+ return UTF8_OK;
+ }
+
+ template <typename octet_iterator>
+ utf_error get_sequence_4(octet_iterator& it, octet_iterator end, utfchar32_t& code_point)
+ {
+ if (it == end)
+ return NOT_ENOUGH_ROOM;
+
+ code_point = utf8::internal::mask8(*it);
+
+ UTF8_CPP_INCREASE_AND_RETURN_ON_ERROR(it, end)
+
+ code_point = ((code_point << 18) & 0x1fffff) + ((utf8::internal::mask8(*it) << 12) & 0x3ffff);
+
+ UTF8_CPP_INCREASE_AND_RETURN_ON_ERROR(it, end)
+
+ code_point += (utf8::internal::mask8(*it) << 6) & 0xfff;
+
+ UTF8_CPP_INCREASE_AND_RETURN_ON_ERROR(it, end)
+
+ code_point += (*it) & 0x3f;
+
+ return UTF8_OK;
+ }
+
+ #undef UTF8_CPP_INCREASE_AND_RETURN_ON_ERROR
+
+ template <typename octet_iterator>
+ utf_error validate_next(octet_iterator& it, octet_iterator end, utfchar32_t& code_point)
+ {
+ if (it == end)
+ return NOT_ENOUGH_ROOM;
+
+ // Save the original value of it so we can go back in case of failure
+ // Of course, it does not make much sense with i.e. stream iterators
+ octet_iterator original_it = it;
+
+ utfchar32_t cp = 0;
+ // Determine the sequence length based on the lead octet
+ const int length = utf8::internal::sequence_length(it);
+
+ // Get trail octets and calculate the code point
+ utf_error err = UTF8_OK;
+ switch (length) {
+ case 0:
+ return INVALID_LEAD;
+ case 1:
+ err = utf8::internal::get_sequence_1(it, end, cp);
+ break;
+ case 2:
+ err = utf8::internal::get_sequence_2(it, end, cp);
+ break;
+ case 3:
+ err = utf8::internal::get_sequence_3(it, end, cp);
+ break;
+ case 4:
+ err = utf8::internal::get_sequence_4(it, end, cp);
+ break;
+ }
+
+ if (err == UTF8_OK) {
+ // Decoding succeeded. Now, security checks...
+ if (utf8::internal::is_code_point_valid(cp)) {
+ if (!utf8::internal::is_overlong_sequence(cp, length)){
+ // Passed! Return here.
+ code_point = cp;
+ ++it;
+ return UTF8_OK;
+ }
+ else
+ err = OVERLONG_SEQUENCE;
+ }
+ else
+ err = INVALID_CODE_POINT;
+ }
+
+ // Failure branch - restore the original value of the iterator
+ it = original_it;
+ return err;
+ }
+
+ template <typename octet_iterator>
+ inline utf_error validate_next(octet_iterator& it, octet_iterator end) {
+ utfchar32_t ignored;
+ return utf8::internal::validate_next(it, end, ignored);
+ }
+
+ template <typename word_iterator>
+ utf_error validate_next16(word_iterator& it, word_iterator end, utfchar32_t& code_point)
+ {
+ if (it == end)
+ return NOT_ENOUGH_ROOM;
+ // Save the original value of it so we can go back in case of failure
+ // Of course, it does not make much sense with i.e. stream iterators
+ word_iterator original_it = it;
+
+ utf_error err = UTF8_OK;
+
+ const utfchar16_t first_word = *it++;
+ if (!is_surrogate(first_word)) {
+ code_point = first_word;
+ return UTF8_OK;
+ }
+ else {
+ if (it == end)
+ err = NOT_ENOUGH_ROOM;
+ else if (is_lead_surrogate(first_word)) {
+ const utfchar16_t second_word = *it++;
+ if (is_trail_surrogate(second_word)) {
+ code_point = (first_word << 10) + second_word + SURROGATE_OFFSET;
+ return UTF8_OK;
+ } else
+ err = INCOMPLETE_SEQUENCE;
+
+ } else {
+ err = INVALID_LEAD;
+ }
+ }
+ // error branch
+ it = original_it;
+ return err;
+ }
+
+ // Internal implementation of both checked and unchecked append() function
+ // This function will be invoked by the overloads below, as they will know
+ // the octet_type.
+ template <typename octet_iterator, typename octet_type>
+ octet_iterator append(utfchar32_t cp, octet_iterator result) {
+ if (cp < 0x80) // one octet
+ *(result++) = static_cast<octet_type>(cp);
+ else if (cp < 0x800) { // two octets
+ *(result++) = static_cast<octet_type>((cp >> 6) | 0xc0);
+ *(result++) = static_cast<octet_type>((cp & 0x3f) | 0x80);
+ }
+ else if (cp < 0x10000) { // three octets
+ *(result++) = static_cast<octet_type>((cp >> 12) | 0xe0);
+ *(result++) = static_cast<octet_type>(((cp >> 6) & 0x3f) | 0x80);
+ *(result++) = static_cast<octet_type>((cp & 0x3f) | 0x80);
+ }
+ else { // four octets
+ *(result++) = static_cast<octet_type>((cp >> 18) | 0xf0);
+ *(result++) = static_cast<octet_type>(((cp >> 12) & 0x3f)| 0x80);
+ *(result++) = static_cast<octet_type>(((cp >> 6) & 0x3f) | 0x80);
+ *(result++) = static_cast<octet_type>((cp & 0x3f) | 0x80);
+ }
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ // One of the following overloads will be invoked from the API calls
+
+ // A simple (but dangerous) case: the caller appends byte(s) to a char array
+ inline char* append(utfchar32_t cp, char* result) {
+ return append<char*, char>(cp, result);
+ }
+
+ // Hopefully, most common case: the caller uses back_inserter
+ // i.e. append(cp, std::back_inserter(str));
+ template<typename container_type>
+ std::back_insert_iterator<container_type> append
+ (utfchar32_t cp, std::back_insert_iterator<container_type> result) {
+ return append<std::back_insert_iterator<container_type>,
+ typename container_type::value_type>(cp, result);
+ }
+
+ // The caller uses some other kind of output operator - not covered above
+ // Note that in this case we are not able to determine octet_type
+ // so we assume it's utfchar8_t; that can cause a conversion warning if we are wrong.
+ template <typename octet_iterator>
+ octet_iterator append(utfchar32_t cp, octet_iterator result) {
+ return append<octet_iterator, utfchar8_t>(cp, result);
+ }
+
+ // Internal implementation of both checked and unchecked append16() function
+ // This function will be invoked by the overloads below, as they will know
+ // the word_type.
+ template <typename word_iterator, typename word_type>
+ word_iterator append16(utfchar32_t cp, word_iterator result) {
+ if (is_in_bmp(cp))
+ *(result++) = static_cast<word_type>(cp);
+ else {
+ // Code points from the supplementary planes are encoded via surrogate pairs
+ *(result++) = static_cast<word_type>(LEAD_OFFSET + (cp >> 10));
+ *(result++) = static_cast<word_type>(TRAIL_SURROGATE_MIN + (cp & 0x3FF));
+ }
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ // Hopefully, most common case: the caller uses back_inserter
+ // i.e. append16(cp, std::back_inserter(str));
+ template<typename container_type>
+ std::back_insert_iterator<container_type> append16
+ (utfchar32_t cp, std::back_insert_iterator<container_type> result) {
+ return append16<std::back_insert_iterator<container_type>,
+ typename container_type::value_type>(cp, result);
+ }
+
+ // The caller uses some other kind of output operator - not covered above
+ // Note that in this case we are not able to determine word_type
+ // so we assume it's utfchar16_t; that can cause a conversion warning if we are wrong.
+ template <typename word_iterator>
+ word_iterator append16(utfchar32_t cp, word_iterator result) {
+ return append16<word_iterator, utfchar16_t>(cp, result);
+ }
+
+} // namespace internal
+
+ /// The library API - functions intended to be called by the users
+
+ // Byte order mark
+ const utfchar8_t bom[] = {0xef, 0xbb, 0xbf};
+
+ template <typename octet_iterator>
+ octet_iterator find_invalid(octet_iterator start, octet_iterator end)
+ {
+ octet_iterator result = start;
+ while (result != end) {
+ utf8::internal::utf_error err_code = utf8::internal::validate_next(result, end);
+ if (err_code != internal::UTF8_OK)
+ return result;
+ }
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ inline const char* find_invalid(const char* str)
+ {
+ const char* end = str + std::strlen(str);
+ return find_invalid(str, end);
+ }
+
+ inline std::size_t find_invalid(const std::string& s)
+ {
+ std::string::const_iterator invalid = find_invalid(s.begin(), s.end());
+ return (invalid == s.end()) ? std::string::npos : static_cast<std::size_t>(invalid - s.begin());
+ }
+
+ template <typename octet_iterator>
+ inline bool is_valid(octet_iterator start, octet_iterator end)
+ {
+ return (utf8::find_invalid(start, end) == end);
+ }
+
+ inline bool is_valid(const char* str)
+ {
+ return (*(utf8::find_invalid(str)) == '\0');
+ }
+
+ inline bool is_valid(const std::string& s)
+ {
+ return is_valid(s.begin(), s.end());
+ }
+
+
+
+ template <typename octet_iterator>
+ inline bool starts_with_bom (octet_iterator it, octet_iterator end)
+ {
+ return (
+ ((it != end) && (utf8::internal::mask8(*it++)) == bom[0]) &&
+ ((it != end) && (utf8::internal::mask8(*it++)) == bom[1]) &&
+ ((it != end) && (utf8::internal::mask8(*it)) == bom[2])
+ );
+ }
+
+ inline bool starts_with_bom(const std::string& s)
+ {
+ return starts_with_bom(s.begin(), s.end());
+ }
+} // namespace utf8
+
+#endif // header guard
+
+
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