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<title>Parsing Program Source (GNU Emacs Lisp Reference Manual)</title>
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<div class="chapter" id="Parsing-Program-Source">
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Next: <a href="Abbrevs.html" accesskey="n" rel="next">Abbrevs and Abbrev Expansion</a>, Previous: <a href="Syntax-Tables.html" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Syntax Tables</a>, Up: <a href="index.html" accesskey="u" rel="up">Emacs Lisp</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Index.html" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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<span id="Parsing-Program-Source-1"></span><h2 class="chapter">37 Parsing Program Source</h2>
<p>Emacs provides various ways to parse program source text and produce a
<em>syntax tree</em>. In a syntax tree, text is no longer a
one-dimensional stream but a structured tree of nodes, where each node
representing a piece of text. Thus a syntax tree can enable
interesting features like precise fontification, indentation,
navigation, structured editing, etc.
</p>
<p>Emacs has a simple facility for parsing balanced expressions
(see <a href="Parsing-Expressions.html">Parsing Expressions</a>). There is also SMIE library for generic
navigation and indentation (see <a href="SMIE.html">Simple Minded Indentation Engine</a>).
</p>
<p>Emacs also provides integration with tree-sitter library
(<a href="https://tree-sitter.github.io/tree-sitter">https://tree-sitter.github.io/tree-sitter</a>) if compiled with
it. The tree-sitter library implements an incremental parser and has
support from a wide range of programming languages.
</p>
<dl class="def">
<dt id="index-treesit_002davailable_002dp"><span class="category">Function: </span><span><strong>treesit-available-p</strong><a href='#index-treesit_002davailable_002dp' class='copiable-anchor'> ¶</a></span></dt>
<dd><p>This function returns non-nil if tree-sitter features are available
for this Emacs instance.
</p></dd></dl>
<p>For tree-sitter integration with existing Emacs features,
see <a href="Parser_002dbased-Font-Lock.html">Parser-based Font Lock</a>, <a href="Parser_002dbased-Indentation.html">Parser-based Indentation</a>, and
<a href="List-Motion.html">Moving over Balanced Expressions</a>.
</p>
<p>To access the syntax tree of the text in a buffer, we need to first
load a language definition and create a parser with it. Next, we can
query the parser for specific nodes in the syntax tree. Then, we can
access various information about the node, and we can pattern-match a
node with a powerful syntax. Finally, we explain how to work with
source files that mixes multiple languages. The following sections
explain how to do each of the tasks in detail.
</p>
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<li><a href="Language-Definitions.html" accesskey="1">Tree-sitter Language Definitions</a></li>
<li><a href="Using-Parser.html" accesskey="2">Using Tree-sitter Parser</a></li>
<li><a href="Retrieving-Node.html" accesskey="3">Retrieving Node</a></li>
<li><a href="Accessing-Node.html" accesskey="4">Accessing Node Information</a></li>
<li><a href="Pattern-Matching.html" accesskey="5">Pattern Matching Tree-sitter Nodes</a></li>
<li><a href="Multiple-Languages.html" accesskey="6">Parsing Text in Multiple Languages</a></li>
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